Editorial standards

Our research should make the evidence, reasoning, and uncertainty clear enough for a reader to inspect.

Evidence and sources

Prefer primary filings, official fund documents, issuer materials, and identified market-data providers. Record observation dates, units, relevant windows, and material calculation choices. Label reconstructions, scenarios, estimates, and model outputs explicitly.

Reasoning and review

Separate reported facts, calculations, inference, and opinion. Consider the strongest material counterargument. Charts, captions, and prose must agree. Human editorial approval is required before publication.

Corrections

A substantive factual or calculation correction should identify what changed and the date. Minor spelling and formatting changes need not carry a correction notice. Send a correction request.

Independence and conflicts

Material financial interests, sponsorships, commissions, and affiliate relationships should be disclosed near the relevant article. Paid placement must be labeled and must not purchase a conclusion.

Software-assisted research

Software may assist discovery, calculation, drafting, and checking. It does not make the final publication decision or remove the editor’s responsibility for the work.